Type 2 diabetes
Medical review pending before publication
Updated 18 October 2026Type 2 diabetes is a long-term condition where the body does not use insulin well, so blood sugar stays high. It is common, often runs in families, and can be managed with food choices, activity, regular checks and medicines. Good control protects your eyes, kidneys, nerves and heart.
Symptoms
- More thirst and frequent urination
- Tiredness, blurred vision
- Slow-healing wounds or frequent infections
- Many people have no symptoms at first
Causes and risk factors
- Family history
- Excess weight, especially around the waist
- Low physical activity
- Age over 30 to 35 in South Asian adults
When to see a doctor
- You have symptoms above
- You are over 30 with a family history: get screened
- You have diabetes and have not had an eye, kidney and foot check this year
Diagnosis and treatment
Care is planned with you: a target HbA1c, a food plan that suits your routine, activity, and medicines or insulin when needed. Yearly checks of eyes, kidneys and feet catch problems early.
Prevention
- Walk briskly 30 minutes most days
- Reduce sugary drinks and refined flour
- Keep a healthy waist size
Frequently asked questions
Is diabetes curable?
Type 2 diabetes is usually managed long-term rather than cured. Some people reach normal sugar levels with weight loss and lifestyle change, under medical supervision.
Sources
Information on this website is general and does not replace a consultation with a doctor. In an emergency, call 108 or our emergency line.